I've been through a Shodan test in Shotokan. I remember the requirements being:
Attending the 2 day seminar classes with the Master
A selection of basics, and combinations of that rank level done in ido geiko ( moving) in various stances.
Bassai Dai, and a couple of other kata selected by the Master
Some sparring- I fought 3 fights.
In the future, I may be testing for Shodan in Kyokushin. It involves:
3 days of tests.
1st day written exam, and also hand in essay on topic of Sensei's choice.
2nd day physical requirements, basics ( of all rank levels), combinations, kata
3rd day self defense, sparring ( I believe 15 fights.. but I could be wrong, it might be more), weapons, tamishiwari ( breaking)